올림포스 독해의 기본1_Unit1-5 지문, 필기용 파일

 

 

 

올림포스1_텍스트_Unit1.주제,제목.pdf

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올림포스1_텍스트_Unit2.요지,주장.pdf

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올림포스1_텍스트_Unit3.목적.pdf

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올림포스1_텍스트_Unit4.심경, 분위기.pdf

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올림포스1_텍스트_Unit5.내용일치,불일치.pdf

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올림포스 독해의 기본1_단어 시험지 다운

 

올림포스 독해의 기본1_단어시험지_Unit1

올림포스 독해의 기본1_단어시험지_Unit1

올림포스 독해의 기본1_단어시험지_Unit2

올림포스 독해의 기본1_단어시험지_Unit2

 

 

 

Unit1. 주제∙제목

 

[Analysis]

What is a fact beyond all doubt is that we share an ancestor with every other species of animal and plant on the planet. We know this because some genes are recognizably the same genes in all living creatures, including animals, plants and bacteria. And, above all, the genetic code itself — the dictionary by which all genes are translated — is the same across all living creatures that have ever been looked at. We are all cousins. Your family tree includes not just obvious cousins like chimpanzees and monkeys but also mice, buffaloes, iguanas, snails, dandelions, golden eagles, mushrooms, whales, and bacteria. All are our cousins. Every last one of them. Isn't that a far more wonderful thought than any myth? And the most wonderful thing of all is that we know for certain it is literally true.

 

 

01.

Some people may be on the verge of buying the product, whereas others may never have heard of it. Still others may have an interest in the product but do not have any money, while others might be aware of the product but are not yet interested; others might be interested but do not at present have a need for the product, and so forth. Marketers need to be aware of these stages and be prepared to act at the appropriate time. For example, a couple who have just bought their first house will not currently be in the market to buy another larger house, but very well might be in five to seven years' time, when perhaps they have started a family or are earning more money.

 

 

02.

Few philosophers would deny that human beings are, to a great extent, historical — that we inherit things from the past, change them, and then pass them on to future generations. Language, for example, is something that we learn and change as we use it, and the same is true of science — scientists start with a body of theory, and then go on either to confirm or to disconfirm it. The same is also true of social institutions, such as the family, the state, banks, churches, and so on — most of which are modified forms of earlier practices or institutions. Human beings, therefore, never begin their existence from scratch, but always within some kind of context — a context that changes, sometimes radically within a single generation.

 

 

03.

Metaphorically speaking, human memory is like a public library which organizes its books according to their predicted popularity. Frequently checked out books, that is, popular books (e.g., the Dan Brown blockbusters), will be made available in special spaces near the entrance of the library to make it easy for members to find them. In contrast, less popular books (e.g., the books by Herta Müller, recipient of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Literature), the ones rarely checked out in the past, will be placed in the back of the library. Because of the environment being thus reflected in our memory, we can use our memory to make inferences about the environment. We can infer, for example, that the more fluently we retrieve an item from memory, the more often we must have encountered it in the past.

 

 

Unit2. 요지∙주장

 

[Analysis]

We are always reluctant to make long-term changes because they can be uncomfortable. We are essentially creatures of habit. We do things a certain way, and our habits become integrated into our behavior. If you have any question about this, just transfer your wristwatch to the other hand. Even though it should not make the slightest difference on which hand it is worn (on which hand you wear it) , you will soon find that you are very aware of the change, and it may even feel cumbersome or awkward. Returning the watch to its usual place brings back a feeling of comfort. If feelings of discomfort accompany so minor an alteration, how much more so with significant behavior changes? It’s easy to imagine why some people consider change virtually intolerable.

 

 

01.

One day while driving my car, I kept noticing things that were wrong with all the other cars on the road. One had a taillight out, one was spewing dark smoke out of its tailpipe, and another had a bad tire. Then I realized that if any of these things were wrong with my car, I wouldn’t know it because I was busy driving. I, too, could have a taillight out and not even know about it. We don’t have eyes in the back of our heads; we don’t “see” ourselves completely. But we can develop awareness and use anything that happens to us and others as great learning experiences. Instead of projecting negative traits onto others, look first inside to see if you have a trace of what you find so awful in others.

 

02.

Everybody has a story that they have always wanted to tell, and making a movie is a good way to tell it. The word magic has always been associated with the film industry, and while some people consider the technical achievements of filmmakers to be the magic part of films, I am of the belief that the story part of a movie is the real magic. ET: The Extraterrestrial did not capture our hearts with its technologically advanced gadgets; it was the story that drew us in. While that movie did have a pretty big budget, my point is that it did not need to have one in order to succeed. You should not be afraid to have great expectations for your film if you really believe in the story. Who knows, maybe your story is a lot more interesting than you think, and if people at a film festival agree with this notion, then your story could take off.

 

 

03.

In India, in the absence of a specific legislation for control and prevention of the noise pollution, one has to seek provisions in various branches of law and regulations. There has been no doubt that the available provisions in various branches of law are inadequate, unscientific and crude. In most of the developed countries specific legislation has been made and scientific methods for investigation of noise pollution have been invented. At present, there is no specific and detailed legislation to control the noise pollution. However, there is an urgent need that the Central Government of India should manage to get a legislation passed for the control of noise pollution. Some legislation regarding water and air pollution has been made in India.

 

Unit 3. 목적

 

[Analysis]

Dear Resident of Smalltown:

After ten long months of work, the beautiful new addition to the Smalltown Senior Center has been completed. This wonderful new space will serve as a library, conference room, and entertainment venue for our residents and the community. We think this lovely space — with skylights and oversized windows — will also make a beautiful spot for functions such as weddings and parties. We have had tremendous support from the community in raising funds for this project. To show our appreciation, we will have an open house on Sunday, January 21, from 1 to 4 P.M. We hope you’ll join us for cake and punch.

Sincerely,

Monica Diamond

Honorary Chairperson, Smalltown Senior Center

 

01.

I understand how upset you must have been when you discovered that our shipping office sent you the wrong order a few days ago. Please accept my sincere apologies for that error. After investigating what caused the mistake, I found that we have two H. Browns in our customer files; hence, the shipping office mistakenly sent you the other Mr. H. Brown’s order. To ensure that we do not repeat this error, we will always include full first names on all paperwork and double-check the account numbers. Again, apologize for the inconvenience we caused you. We will give a 15% discount on your next order.

 

02.

Dear Ma and Pa:

I recently dined at your restaurant, and I had an interesting experience. I had heard only good things about your establishment, so I decided to try it out for myself. Little did I know my meal would turn out to be so bad. I ordered the hungry man’s special. The special included a large helping of mashed potatoes. I began eating and after only one large bite of the potatoes, I found huge lumps in my food. The gravy was cold, and the chicken was greasy. Your restaurant has a good reputation, and I wish only good things for you in the future, but I did want you to know about my dining experience. I left your restaurant feeling hungry and upset. That’s not the way I thought a customer should feel after dining at Ma and Pa’s Kettle.

Sincerely, Gail James

03.

Dear Alan Smith:

I’m happy to be writing this letter for Ms. Jenkins. Alice Jenkins would make an outstanding senior claims adjuster at Insurance Partners, and I would encourage you to consider her for the position. I first met Alice when she came to Protect-All Insurance as a new claims adjuster. She reported directly to me for the three years of her tenure with that company until 2015, when I retired. In the first three years I followed Alice’s career, I watched her become one of the most knowledgeable problem-solvers in the company. During these three years, she handled fire, earthquake, and flood insurance almost exclusively. In my professional opinion, Alice is ready for more responsibility and challenge in her profession and I feel confident she will be an asset to your company.

Yours truly, Della Johnson Unit 04. 심경∙분위기

 

[Analysis]

There was a ravine in the forest and Charlie had made his way into it through an early morning fog. All the ravine looked the same in the daylight, the high walls, the masses of weeds and wild berry bushes, the trees. He had wandered around for a while, following the little paths made by dirt washed down from the hillside, but finally he sat down on a log and stared straight ahead without seeing. There was a dullness about him now. He had had so many scares, heard so many terrifying noises, got startled by so many shadows, been hurt so often that all his senses were worn to a flat hopelessness. He would just sit here forever. It was not the first time Charlie had been lost, but never before had there been this finality.

 

01.

Anne and Marco’s comfortable home immediately becomes a crime scene. Anne is sitting on the sofa in the living room. Someone has placed a blanket around her shoulders, but she’s still trembling. Police cars are parked on the street outside the house, their red lights flashing, pulsing through the front window and circling the pale walls. Anne sits immobile on the sofa and stares ahead as if hypnotized by them. Marco, his voice breaking, has given the police a quick description of the baby — six months old, blond, blue eyes, about sixteen pounds, wearing a disposable diaper and a plain, pale pink onesie. The house is swarming with uniformed police officers. They fan out and methodically begin to search the house, but the baby is gone.

 

 

02.

My daughter Sondra had a friend in sixth grade that would never look directly at me (we’ll call her “Emma”). Emma wasn’t shy, but she gave me the feeling she was hiding something. When I served an after-school snack in the kitchen, she wanted to eat upstairs. If I suggested the girls play outside where I could see them, she encouraged Sondra to stay in the rec room. She seldom smiled or said please or thank you. One day, I found a purse in the street by our house. Opening it up to find the owner’s identification, I saw that it belonged to Emma’s mom. The purse also contained $600 cash! Naturally, I called Emma’s mom — who picked up the purse without even saying thank you. It confirmed my feelings that Sondra’s relationship with Emma needed to be monitored.

 

 

03.

“No. This is only the eye of the storm. It is the calm part of the storm, and it could start getting bad again any minute.” Just as Grandpa said that, the wind picked up and I looked out at the ocean. The biggest wave I had ever seen in my life was headed toward our ship. I was frightened! I didn’t make a move toward the stairway, but just stood there looking at the wave. I watched the big, dark wave as if it were in slow motion until lightning flashed and woke me from my daze. The wave hit the boat with an amazing force, knocking me off my feet. I reached for something to grab but there was nothing. I soon realized that I was in the ocean, and the waves were all around me. I saw something floating in the water next to me and grabbed it and held on for my life.

 

 

Unit 05. 내용일치∙불일치

 

[Analysis]

Mostly self-taught, Paul Creston became one of the most popular composers of the mid-20th century. A conservative musician, Creston claimed his greatest influences to be long-dead composers. The hallmark of his style was rhythmic originality. Harmonically, he might be called an American impressionist. Creston achieved renown when his Symphony No. 1 won the New York Music Critics’ Circle Award in 1941. He had already received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1938. His work was performed widely in the aftermath of World War II, but it faded from the concert repertoire with the rise of academic music in the 1960s. Several of his works were inspired by the poetry of Walt Whitman. He died in Poway, California, a suburb of San Diego.

 

01.

Al-Jazari (1136–1206) was a Muslim scholar, inventor, mechanical engineer, artisan, artist and mathematician. He is best known for writing ‘The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices’ in 1206. He is remembered for his automaton designs, including water-operated ones. Most of them are decorative fanciful objects, though some also serve a function. Al-Jazari constructed a hand washing automaton first employing the flush mechanism now used in modern toilets. It features an automaton standing by a basin that is filled with water. When the user pulls the lever, the water is released and the automaton refills the basin. Leonardo da Vinci is said to have been influenced by the classic automatons of Al-Jazari. Al-Jazari appears to have been the first inventor to display an interest in creating human-like machines for ⓑpractical purposes such as using the environment for human comfort.

 

02.

American social reformer and leader of the movement for women’s suffrage (the right to vote), Susan B. Anthony was a determined pioneer of women’s equality and other social causes. With Elizabeth Cady Stanton, whom she met in 1851, Anthony was the principal organizer and ideological voice of the National Woman Suffrage Association that they formed in 1869. Anthony led a group of women to the polls in Rochester, New York, in 1872 to test women’s suffrage under the Fourteenth Amendment. Her arrest, trial, and sentence of a fine that she refused to pay became a model for other suffrage protests. Although she did not live to see women gain the vote, Anthony’s single-minded advocacy of equal justice for women has been credited with helping to win social and political gains for women and launching the women’s movement in the twentieth century.

 

03.

The Springbok emblem was worn by South African national sporting teams throughout most of the 20th century. It continues to be worn by the South African national rugby team today, known universally as the Springboks. The designation began on South Africa’s first rugby tour to the British Isles in 1906. Team captain Paul Roos coined the term to prevent the British press from inventing one for them. The 1906 Springboks were highly successful, winning nearly all their matches including Wales, the top British Isles nation at the time. Thereafter, South Africa’s national sporting teams wore the emblem until the 1990s. The Springbok emblem proved to be highly divisive as national sporting teams were limited to the white minority population until the 1980s. For white South Africans, the emblem was a symbol of pride and national sporting power.